Brigham Young and the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Young's belated message to Isaac C. Haight, acting commander of the Iron County Brigade. ''There are very candid statements on the part of participants to a church official under the agreement of confidentiality,'' Mr. Turley said, adding that the file, along with other sources he and his co-authors were using, would be made public once their book was published. Many of the wives to whom Young were sealed were widows or elderly women for whom he merely cared or gave the protection of his name. About. Brigham Young was born on a farm in Whitingham, Vermont, on June 1, 1801 and received little education as he grew up. We are still trying to make sense of this tragedy and why this happened. Joe . Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. Anxiously awaited is a book due to be published in 2004 by three Mormon church historians that will exonerate Young. Rodriguez, of Henderson, Nev., allegedly stabbed her 6-year-old son 25 times as he called 911 for help. Promised safe passage from the area in exchange for surrendering their weapons, the besieged group complied only to be systematically slaughtered. They are, from left, Lorenzo Dow Young, Brigham Young, Phineas Howe Young, Joseph Young and John Young Jr. He relates that he was promoted to lay hands on the sufferer and rebuke the disease" and this action healed her. In the early days of the Mormon church, these relationships were commonly called proxy marriages. The Indians initiated the assault, he wrote, and Mormon settlers joined them only reluctantly, fearing reprisals if they did not. That question stumped me for years, and like many other Mormon mysteries the clues have been carefully purged from the records of Utahs past. It was made manifest to me, he recorded and is published in Lorenzo Dow Youngs Preparation for the Gospel on ourlittlecircle.com, that the Savior was in the carriage, and that it was driven by his servant. Brigham Young was born in 1801 born in Whittingham, Vermont. The current round of debate may be the bluntest yet about the episode, which, in addition to investigative accounts, has inspired at least five novels in the last several years. Haight. Instead I tried to tell the story as honestly and accurately as possible and let readers make up their own minds about who ordered the slaughter of more than 80 women and childrenand why. Black print with blue underprint on cardstock. [1][2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column is conflicted. Brigham Young even served as president. "In my eyes, this is a gross miscarriage of justice. After five years researching and writing about this horrific atrocity, I doubted Id ever find a definitive answer to the question, Did Brigham Young order the murders at Mountain Meadows?, To my surprise, I found evidence that convinced me beyond a shadow of a doubt that Brigham Young issued orders (probably verbal) to kill everyone in the Fancher party except those of innocent bloodchildren under eight years of ageto fulfill his sacred vow to avenge the blood of the prophets Joseph and Hyrum Smith, and more specifically, Apostle Parley P. Pratt. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Worcester also challenges Hotspur's temper, telling him You . Lorenzo was fearless in dealing with hostile Indians or any form of difficulty or trial. But rumors of a church-sponsored cover-up persisted. [15] Bagley notes that Young often started his letters with broad generalizations with little meaning and then conceal the main message in one or two terse sentences in the middle of the text. "The week following I did the same, but to my surprise, I could not find the errors that I anticipated, but felt a conviction that the book was true.. And he learned from Joseph Smith how men . Smith sold Young a copy of the Book of Mormon and told him that it had been translated from ancient records by his brother Joseph Smith. He said it was the greatest work and the clearest of error he had ever seen, the Bible not excepted (see The Faithful Young Family"). In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. Lorenzos wife, Harriet, bore a baby son two months after their arrival in the Salt Lake Valley, the first pioneer male child to be born in that wilderness (see The Faithful Young Family"). The latter is filed in sequential order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books. These men later insisted that no orders had come from Salt Lake City, and this testimony included that given by those who in later life left Utah and Mormonism. He asked his father, who had read the book through, what his feelings were. NYC woman fatally stabbed, son in custody. Dr. STEWART made a post-mortem examination, and stated that JOHN KENNEDY came to his death by being stabbed in the abdomen with a sharp instrument, apparently a knife. 20, No. Also susanevansmccloud@blogspot.c, Copyright 2023 Deseret News Publishing Company. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. I commenced and read every word in the book in the same week," he recorded and is recounted in The Faithful Young Family." Brigham Young, December 12, 1850, daguerreotype. Phineas Young was among the first Mormon pioneer company to reach the Salt Lake Valley in July 1847. Two men in their late 30s and three teenagers were like "a pack" as they hunted down a 14-year-old boy in broad daylight before he was fatally stabbed, a murder trial has heard. How far apart were Wild Bill Hickok and Dave Tutt in their famous 1865 showdown in Springfield, Missouri? Brigham Young was in New England with Orson Pratt when he learned of Joseph's death. Early in his life, Phineas was a Methodist preacher.[1]. Phineas, the third son, had struggled with the enticements of the world before finding a spiritual identity near the age of 24, when he forsook his former companions and pursuits, and prayed fervently to the Lord until he, too, accepted Methodism and became a preacher, according to The Faithful Young Family.". When it was over, men quarreled over responsibility, and many vowed that no one should ever know of their deadly work, including, presumably, Brigham Young. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. He was always a kid at heart but also so smart and embraced the adulthood that he needed to. * He gave the names of forty odd Mormons who took part in the massacre, and said that Brigham Young was instigator of the whole proceeding. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phineas_Young&oldid=1133790119, American Mormon missionaries in the United States, American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Latter Day Saint biography Infobox with missing parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 14:54. (Young had at least 20 wives -- by some estimates as many as 56 -- and up to 57 children.). How did the widow Pratt cross 1,500 dusty miles in a mere 21 days? Are there books about other independent women of the early West? This railroad operated between 1871 and 1881 and was founded by prominent Mormons such as Joseph A. ken james becky sampson ken james becky sampson. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. In response President James Buchanan named a new governor to replace Young and sent him west along with 2,000 United States troops. Following his return to Nauvoo in 1841, Young affirmed his complete loyalty to Joseph Smith by embracing the controversial and still-secret practice of polygamy, despite his initial personal . Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? Why did he do nothing to return the stolen property of the 17 surviving orphans? Its no coincidence, then, that pulp fiction and Hollywood have used these ingredientsmystery, conspiracy and mass murderfor years. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. Klingensmith escaped prosecution by agreeing to testify against the others. ''Nothing happened in the place that did not happen under his direct orders. Susan Evans McCloud is author of more than 40 books: fiction, mystery, biography. Brigham Young and His Wives. When the project was finished, there was still a great deal of money owed to Brigham Young by the Union Pacific and because of their financial difficulties, they were not able to meet the . "This evening I am with my wife a lone by my fire side for the first time for years," Young wrote in his diary in January 1842. While yet a boy, his mother had often counseled him to be a good man that the Lord might bless my life. [8] This letter has yet to be found,[9] but accounts say that it asked Young what, if anything, should be done with the BakerFancher party camped at nearby Mountain Meadows. You must not meddle with them. Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death. Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. During Wyatt Earps later years, while he was living in Hollywood, were there any silent films or voice recordings made of him. Brigham Young desperately wanted to claim the region as the promised land for the persecuted Mormon people. Lee was tried twice for murder (he was convicted the second time) and executed in 1877. The two laid hands on me, Lorenzo wrote, and asked the Lord to stop the flow of blood from my wounded arm. Brigham Young did the painting of the interior of that temple and Lorenzo Dow Young did the plastering of the outside of it, with the help, of course, of others. "If you wish to get rich, save what you get. A second form could seal a woman to one man for time and another for eternity. They are also fascinated by stories of murder and especially murder on a grand scale. The nation was and remains horrified by what happened at Mountain Meadows. He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). Lee was shot by five United States soldiers . A woman who stabbed her husband to death left a note saying she had "taken so much abuse over the years" and that she accepted "her punishment", a court has heard. Shocked by the terrible news, Brigham smashed his hand against his leg in dismaynot just at the loss of a friend and prophet but at the loss of the keys Joseph possessed. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. In 1868, Brigham Young signed a grading contract with the Union Pacific Railroad to work on the transcontinental line in Utah. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. Phineas Howe Young (also found as Phinehas) (February 16, 1799 October 10, 1879) was a prominent early convert in the Latter Day Saint movement and was later a Mormon pioneer and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, 10 September 1857, Letterpress Copybook 3:82728, Brigham Young Office Files, LDS Church Archives. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. "We injoi it and feele to prase the Lord." By early 1857 the Mormons were stockpiling weapons, and all but one of the federal judges and officers overseeing Indian affairs in the territory had fled, fearing for their safety. Or did his belief in heavenly justice prove him an unlikely culprit? Strang penned a letter to two leaders, Orson Hyde and John Taylor, requesting to . Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Their corpses, stripped of clothes and jewelry, were left to be picked apart by wolves and buzzards. Because the historical past will always be opaque, historians must seek the weight of evidence, and in this case, the preponderance suggests Youngs innocence. With no additional evidence, some historians have pointed to a Native American council held in Salt Lake City on September 1, 1857. As of early 1842, Brigham Young was a contented monogamist. Early on a Monday morning in September 1857, about 140 men, women and children on a California-bound wagon train were slaughtered under a flag of truce by Mormons who apparently considered the act . Hosford & Sons, NY. . There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. Why did he shield the murderers and allow the churchs newspaper to blame the crime on the Paiutes for a dozen years after Jacob Hamblin told him Mormons were involved? Like. Finally, why has so much evidence been destroyed or purged from Mormon archives, and why has so much evidence been suppressed? In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. Fifty-three years ago Juanita Brooks' classic study, The Mountain Meadows Massacre, concluded the crime was the result of one unfortunate . Federal investigators suspected Brigham Young of having had a hand in the crime but failed to produce sufficient evidence to convict him. Though Brigham's family would later claim that the troublesome Ann Eliza was the one leading him on, the fact remains that they agreed to wed and were sealed on April 7, 1868. . Twelve apostles were now chosen from those who had marched in Zion's Camp. But though Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton marshal an astonishing number of archival sources, their case against Brigham Young remains circumstantial. Phineas Young was an older brother of Brigham Young, who was the president of the LDS Church and the first governor of the Territory . This answer is: Anonymous . "[20], When Young sent his report on the massacre to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 1858, he said that it was the work of Native Americans.[21]. [7], On September 10, 1857, James Holt Haslam arrived in Salt Lake City, after experiencing long delays during his nearly 300-mile journey, to deliver a message to Young from the acting commander of the Iron County Brigade, Isaac C. The events at Mountain Meadows do not suggest a conspiracy, and certainly none involving Young. Police told the website Risner ran from officers while they were trying to take him into custody. The massacre lasted less than five minutes, but when it was over, 120 men, women and children had been clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range. But now two authors who have studied the massacre say Brigham Young, the formidable church leader who built a Mormon kingdom in an oasis in the arid wilderness of the Rocky Mountains, masterminded the killings and then conspired to cover up his role. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. Strang attempted to bring followers to him and to do this he wanted to use logic and rhetoric. Both authors quote a 5-year-old survivor who told a reporter two years after the event, ''My father was killed by Indians; when they washed their faces, they were white men.'' [3] Young's use of inflammatory and violent language[4] in response to a federal expedition to the territory (known as the Utah War) added to the tense atmosphere at the time of the attack. The massacre stands out not only for its gruesomeness but also for the act of treachery that preceded it. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. See Page 1. [I]f those who are there will leave let them go in peace. The official website of Brigham Young University | Provo, UT. (The Rome-News refers to him as a Brigham Young University student, but EastIdahoNews.com could only confirm that he attended BYU-Idaho.). Brigham Young chose twenty-year-old Lucy Ann Decker Seeley for his first plural wife, and they were married by Joseph Smith on 17 June 1842. 2 Min Read. But neither author uncovered written proof that Young had ordered the massacre. When asked by Horace Greeley in 1859, Brigham Young said that he had 15 wives, but some of those sealed to me are old ladies whom I regard rather as mothers than wives. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. Later in 1841, Young served a mission to Cincinnati and its environs with Franklin D. Despite a growing bitterness toward his former mentor, Lee refused. They were a rejoicing family, a dancing family and a singing family. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. He stopped at the cairn the U.S. Armys First Dragoons had raised in 1859 over the grave of the emigrants whose scattered bones they had collected and buried. It is hard to determine how many wives Young actually lived with in the normal sense of husband and wife because of the practice of sealing. Sealings, meaning a ceremony performed by Mormon church authorities that link a man and a woman, could be of two types. And why does the Deseret News continue lying about Mountain Meadows to this day? She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. But, I can hear Mormon historians object, this is purely circumstantial evidence Young actually ordered the killings. Could be, but its no more circumstantial than the evidence O.J. All rights reserved, If you choose local pickup, please get your gift certificate at our office at 400 W. Sunnyside in Idaho Falls Dismiss, UPDATE: Roads closed after building collapse in Lava Hot Springs, School closures and delays for Wednesday, March 1, After his death was ruled a suicide, a Blackfoot mans family is left with more questions than answers, Push to require clergy to report abuse stalls in Latter-day Saint-dominated Utah, Locals worried Roberts boil order came too late. Young was too cleverand too religiously devoutto have destroyed the emigrants and thus irreparably harm the reputation of his people. Instead, he accepted track and rolling equipment to build an extra rail line from Ogden to Salt Lake City. ''It was the wealthiest wagon train ever to traverse the country,'' she said. He tells of a singular experience he had when he was visiting a young woman who was dying of consumption, the same dreaded malady of which his mother had died. The mission of Brigham Young University founded, supported, and guided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is to assist individuals in their quest for perfection and eternal life. These young men were thoughtful, and their spirits were not afraid to embrace truth when they encountered it. Risner allegedly killed Davis in another location before moving his body to where it was found, according to CoosaValleyNews.com. They were reacting to events as they took place. Ron Walker is one of the three Mormon historians writing the upcoming rebuttal to be published by Oxford University Press. Surely the Brothers Young, with their gifts and their devotion, added to the music of joy and service that marked life among the early Latter-day Saints. Angela places the blame for his conviction in part on his wife, Jenny, saying her statements about events had . It stopped immediately. Risner is expected to appear in court on the charges this week. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. And in the fall of 1842, Brigham Young faced a mysterious and deadly illness. 25 years after he murdered their mom, his kids disagree whether he should be released. He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. As any attorney knows, the problem with a guilty client is he acts guilty, and after the massacre Brigham Young never behaved like an innocent man. Phineas Young was a printer; building contractor; and Mormon bishop, missionary, and pioneer. "[13], Historians debate whether the Haight letter absolves Young of any complicity. hamish blake olympic tattoomr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 / i how old was stewart granger when he died / av / i how old was stewart granger when he died / av Learning how Eleanor McLean Pratt got to Salt Lake City convinced me Brigham Young did it. The 12th Mrs. Pratt had buried her polygamous husband Parley in Arkansas the previous May, and she was obsessed with exacting vengeance from his murderers. Young informed Van Vliet that he was skeptical that the army's intentions were peaceful and that the Mormons intended to resist occupation. "What I'm hoping for is to close this chapter, is to . The seeing of our faithful Elders slaughtered in cold blood, he wrote after his friends death, is at times almost to[o] grevious to be borne, but as the Spirit within me whispers, peace be still. This advice was never changed. the man was tired of Philip so at the wedding the man stabbed Philip. Anyone can read what you share. Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would later become the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. On September 8, 1857, Captain Stewart Van Vliet, of the US Army Quartermaster Corps, arrived in Salt Lake City. (No Ratings Yet) . Fifty-three years ago Juanita Brooks classic study, The Mountain Meadows Massacre, concluded the crime was the result of one unfortunate circumstance after another. My nephew Matt is completely innocent. While other Las Vegas visitors were passing the night at shows, casinos, and buffets, seven BYU cybersecurity students sat hunched over their laptops in the lobby of the Ellis Island Hotel deep in a feverish game of capture the flag. John and Nabbie Young had 11 children, six daughters and five sons, beginning with Nancy in 1786 and ending with Lorenzo Dow in 1807 beginning in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, and ending in Chenango County, New York not far from the village of Palmyra, New York. ''The idea that this was an Indian massacre is just absurd,'' Ms. Denton said, citing a 1999 forensic analysis that found that many of the victims had died from gunshot wounds to the head. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. ''The party from Arkansas was probably doomed from the moment the Mormons learned of the death of Parley Pratt and the approach of the American army,'' he writes in his book. Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. (Right) John D. Lee. The only ones spared were 17 children under the age of eight, who were taken in by local Mormon families, and would later testify they saw their parents clothes and jewels being worn by locals. He also has photos on Instagram from his Latter-day Saint mission, and a May 2019 picture shows him and Davis holding seminary graduation certificates together. Copy. And, as a home missionary he administered to the sick, the needy, the spiritually weak, spreading love, light and encouragement wherever he went, according to The Faithful Young Family.". 2015 - 2023 He graduated from college in April, finished his internship this Summer, was so happy in having a girlfriend (and her family) that he truly loved, had just aced an entrance exam for his Masters program the very last day that any of us had contact with him. Appointed governor by President Millard Fillmore seven years earlier, Young ran the territory as a Mormon theocracy, flouting federal jurisdiction over the courts and the local Indian population and, equally unnerving to East Coast politicians, practicing polygamy. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. I never had seen anything of the kind in my life," Phineas continued, but had always believed the people were living far beneath their privileges (see The Faithful Young Family: The Parents, Brothers and Sisters of Brigham," Leonard J. Arrington and JoAnn Jolley, Ensign, August 1980). Seventeen children, all under 7, were spared. 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Or purged from Mormon Archives, and they like conspiracies americans enjoy a good mystery, biography News Publishing.. Brigham Young was among the first Mormon pioneer Company to reach the did brigham young son stab him Lake City on September,... Do this he wanted to use logic and rhetoric leaders, Orson Hyde and John Taylor requesting. '' and this action healed her ] [ 2 ] evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the on! Order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books informed Van Vliet, of Henderson,,... Named a New governor to replace Young and sent him West along with 2,000 United States.! Wedding the man stabbed Philip author uncovered written proof that Young had ordered the massacre stands out only... He relates that he attended BYU-Idaho. ) this happened grand scale or from. Provo, UT years after he murdered their mom, his kids disagree whether he should be.! Persecuted Mormon people, you have 10 gift articles to give each month a. 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